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* Persian astronomer, Omar Khayyám, computed the length of the year as 365.24219858156 days which has been the most accurate calculation of old times. Khayyam also, in Treatise on Demonstrations of Problems in Algebra, produced a complete classification of cubic equations and their geometric solutions.

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Originally posted by kojabu:
I'm studying for my exam on Thursday and part of it will be identifying key events that happened certain years. I've got all of them except for two which I can't find in my notes or by doing any wiki or google searches.

Does anyone know what event of significance happened these years in Islamic Civilization history?

1079
Edit: 1079 is NOT the Persian algebra guy.
1214

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Are those Christian dates or Muslim dates?
 

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Posted by kojabu (Member # 8042) on :
 
Christian dates
 

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Posted by John Van Pelt (Member # 5767) on :
 
1214: Capture of Sinope? (Though it seems fairly minor (and I don't mean Asia Minor ).)

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There were also changes in the commercial relations between Byzantines and Muslims during the period in question. The Fourth Crusade reoriented the trade of the Byzantines (the Empire of Nicaea) with the Muslims. Relations with Egypt were interrupted. Very few embassies (I count two) are attested from the Empire of Nicaea to Egypt, and their object was either ceremonial or unknown to us.161 There are no indications anywhere of continuing trade relations with Egypt; the inward-looking policy of the Nicene emperors and the sumptuary laws passed by John III Vatatzes162 would suggest that the absence of information is not a matter of chance but reflects the reality of very limited relations. On the other hand, political contacts with the sultanate of Konya were frequent, and, although there is again very limited information about trade relations, one may assume that they existed; their extent is impossible to recover. In the late twelfth century, there had been an active trade between the sultanate of Rum and Constantinople, through the Black Sea.163 But we have little information regarding Black Sea commerce between 1204 and 1261. We find here Venetians and Turks, with the Empire of Trebizond fighting to retain some control. Trade with Constantinople would have bypassed the Nicene Empire. The sultans of Rum had developed a very significant trade network including central Anatolia and the ports of the southern coasts and the Black Sea coast, cemented by the capture of Sinope (1214) and Attaleia (1207) and the establishment of a Seljukid protectorate in Sudak in 1225. How much this commercial flourishing involved the Empire of Nicaea is not certain; it has been suggested that commercial relations between Nicaea and Konya increased after the Mongol invasion of Asia Minor in 1243.

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Posted by quidscribis (Member # 5124) on :
 
And here I was hoping this was about dates the fruit. We got some fresh ones from Dubai that are so incredibly good - melt in your mouth, literally. Yum!


But to your actual question, I even asked Fahim, and he didn't have a clue.


From here:

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Seljuks

This dynasty of Sultans was Sunni of Turkish origin. They ruled Persia and Mesopotamia from the 11th century AD to the 12th century AD. The first Seljuk Sultan was Tughrul Beg (1038-1064). In 1055, the Seljuks took over Baghdad. In 1071, the Seljuks defeated the Byzantines at the battle of Manzikert, then went on to Anatolia. The Seljuks captured Damascus in 1078 and Jerusalem in 1079.

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The important Black Sea port city of Sinop was permanently secured in 1214, which allowed the Seljuks to develop maritime trade with China, India and Persia as well as the Crimean region and the West. Antalya, which had fallen into the hands of the Crusaders, was retaken by the Sultan.

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Melik Şah was the son and successor of Alp Arslan in 1072, and was one of the most powerful and brilliant rulers of the Seljuks. He seized Transoxiania and Kirman in 1079.

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Posted by kojabu (Member # 8042) on :
 
Yes! I think it's that the Seljuks seized Jerusalem in 1079! Not sure about 1214, but it seems like something that's right. Thanks quid! My prof just kept giving us dates and I couldn't keep up.
 

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Posted by quidscribis (Member # 5124) on :
 
Cool. Google proves its usefulness one more time.
 

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Posted by John Van Pelt (Member # 5767) on :
 
Yeah, thanks, quid! Your Sinop quote was much more pithy than MINE!


 

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Posted by quidscribis (Member # 5124) on :
 
Oh. Ooops. :blush: It was all couched in long words and everything, so admittedly, I didn't actually, uh, absorb everything that was there. Heh.
 

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Posted by Uprooted (Member # 8353) on :
 

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Originally posted by quidscribis:
And here I was hoping this was about dates the fruit. We got some fresh ones from Dubai that are so incredibly good - melt in your mouth, literally. Yum!

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Originally posted by BlackBlade:

and 1214 COULD be

Basically the fall of the Almohad Dynasty:
"In 1212 Muhammad III, "al-Nasir" (1199–1214), the successor of al-Mansur, after an initially successful advance north, was defeated by an alliance of the four Christian princes of Castile, Aragón, Navarre and Portugal, at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in the Sierra Morena. The battle destroyed Almohad dominance. Nearly all of the Moorish dominions in Iberia were lost soon after, with the great Moorish cities of Córdoba and Seville falling to the Christians in 1236 and 1248 respectively. All that remained, thereafter, was the Moorish state of Granada, which after an internal Muslim revolt, survived as a tributary state of the Christian kingdoms on Iberia's southern periphery, until it too fell in 1492.

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Compliments of the reconquista. They had it coming.
 

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Posted by Launchywiggin (Member # 9116) on :
 
I never get any dates.
 

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Posted by ketchupqueen (Member # 6877) on :
 
I would kill for some dates right now. And the produce market where we get the good stuff cheap is too far to walk to tomorrow.

But at least KPC will get home before 4 from his new job so if I still need them, we can go get them.
 

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Posted by quidscribis (Member # 5124) on :
 
I have a box on top of the fridge. Of the fresh ones that are really really soft and the ones I love the most. And we have bags of the stuff that's a bit drier than that, but still also very nice.
 

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Posted by ketchupqueen (Member # 6877) on :
 
Yeah, living in a date-growing state, we can get some really nice very fresh ones. We do get the drier luxury ones grown in Iran, too.
 

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Posted by MandyM (Member # 8375) on :
 
I thought this was going to be more on the lines of your love life.
 

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Posted by quidscribis (Member # 5124) on :
 
Ours are from Iran. That makes them even more special.
 

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Posted by kojabu (Member # 8042) on :
 

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Originally posted by MandyM:
I thought this was going to be more on the lines of your love life.

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